Breed History:

The Volpino Italiano is an ancient Italian spitz-type breed with a lineage tracing back thousands of years. Historically, these small, fox-like dogs were cherished by both nobility and commoners. They served as vigilant watchdogs and loyal companions, often depicted in Renaissance art, including works by Vittore Carpaccio. The breed nearly vanished in the 1960s but was revived through dedicated efforts by the Italian Kennel Club and enthusiasts. Today, the Volpino remains rare, with an estimated global population of just a few thousand.

Size – Small

Life Expectancy: 14–16 years

Breed Appearance:

The Volpino Italiano boasts a compact, square build with a luxurious, long double coat that stands off the body, giving it a distinctive, fluffy appearance. Its wedge-shaped head features a pointed muzzle, erect triangular ears, and expressive dark eyes. The tail is plumed and curls over the back. While white is the most common coat colour, red and black are also recognised. The breed's elegant and alert demeanour reflects its spitz heritage.

Breed Type – Companion/Watchdog:

Originally bred as a companion and watchdog, the Volpino Italiano is affectionate, lively, and deeply loyal to its family. Despite its small size, it possesses a bold and alert nature, making it an excellent watchdog. The breed is known for its vocal tendencies, often barking to alert its owners of unfamiliar sounds or visitors. With proper socialisation, it can be friendly with strangers and other animals.

Training:

Intelligent and eager to please, the Volpino Italiano responds well to positive reinforcement training methods. Early socialisation is crucial to curb excessive barking and ensure well-rounded behaviour. The breed excels in obedience and agility activities, benefiting from mental stimulation and structured training sessions. Consistent, patient training helps harness its spirited nature.

Health & Care:

Generally, a healthy breed, the Volpino Italiano has a few known hereditary conditions to monitor:

• Primary Lens Luxation (PLL): A genetic eye disorder that can lead to blindness.

• Patellar Luxation: A condition where the kneecap dislocates or moves out of its normal location.

Regular veterinary check-ups, a balanced diet, and routine health screenings are essential to maintain optimal health.

Living Conditions:

Adaptable to various living environments, the Volpino Italiano thrives in both apartments and houses, provided it receives sufficient exercise and mental stimulation. Its thick coat makes it more tolerant of cooler climates, but care should be taken in hot weather to prevent overheating. The breed prefers being close to its human companions and may develop separation anxiety if left alone for extended periods.

Exercise:

Despite its small stature, the Volpino Italiano is energetic and requires regular physical activity. Daily walks, play sessions, and interactive games help keep the dog mentally and physically stimulated. Engaging in dog sports like agility or obedience can also be beneficial. Without adequate exercise, the breed may develop behavioural issues or become overly vocal.

Grooming:

The Volpino Italiano's dense double coat requires regular maintenance to prevent matting and reduce shedding:

• Brushing: At least twice a week; daily during shedding seasons.

• Bathing: As needed, typically every 4–6 weeks.

• Ear Cleaning: Weekly, to prevent infections.

• Nail Trimming: Every 3–4 weeks.

• Dental Care: Regular brushing to maintain oral health.

Regular grooming not only keeps the dog looking its best but also provides an opportunity to check for any skin issues or abnormalities.

Advantages:

• Affectionate and loyal companion.

• Intelligent and trainable.

• Excellent watchdog capabilities.

• Adaptable to various living situations.

• Generally healthy with a long lifespan.

• Good with children and other pets when socialised early.

Disadvantages:

• Prone to excessive barking if not properly trained.

• Requires regular grooming due to its dense coat.

• May develop separation anxiety if left alone for long periods.

• Not ideal for households with very young children due to its small size.

• Limited availability outside of Italy; it may be challenging to find reputable breeders.

• Potential hereditary health issues like PLL and patellar luxation.