Breed History:

The Brussels Griffon, also known as Griffon Bruxellois, hails from Belgium, where it was originally bred in the 19th century to catch rats in stables and homes. The breed evolved from a mix of Affenspinchers, Pugs, and English Toy Spaniels, resulting in a toy dog with a distinctive, expressive face and a bold personality.

It became a favourite among the Belgian elite, especially Queen Marie Henriette, whose interest helped boost the breed’s popularity. Over time, the Brussels Griffon transitioned from working dog to beloved companion pet. Today, it comes in three coat varieties: rough-coated Griffon Bruxellois, smooth-coated Griffon Petit Brabançon, and Griffon Belge (black or black and tan coat).

Size – Toy

Life Expectancy: 12–15 years

Breed Appearance:

The Brussels Griffon has a compact, square body, with a flat face, large dark eyes, and a short nose that gives it a human-like expression. The rough-coated variety has a wiry beard and longer hair around the face, while the smooth-coated type has a short, glossy coat.

Its tail is typically set high and carried upright. The breed’s look is quirky and endearing, often described as "almost monkey-like." Despite its small size, the Griffon has a proud, spirited presence.

Breed Type – Companion:

The Brussels Griffon is a true companion dog, happiest when close to its people. It thrives on attention and affection and often forms strong bonds with a single person, earning it the nickname “velcro dog.”

While cheerful and curious, it is also sensitive and may not do well in loud, chaotic households. It can be wary of strangers and may act aloof or bark in new situations. Despite its small size, it’s often unaware of its limits and may try to challenge larger dogs.

Training:

Griffons are intelligent and eager to please, making them trainable with positive reinforcement techniques. They respond well to gentle consistency, praise, and treats. Harsh training methods are counterproductive due to their sensitive nature.

Early socialisation is vital to help them become confident and reduce fear-based behaviours like excessive barking or clinginess. They are quick learners in basic obedience, and many enjoy trick training and agility.

Health and Care:

The Brussels Griffon is generally healthy but can be prone to several breed-specific issues:

• Brachycephalic syndrome (due to flat face)

• Eye problems (such as cataracts or corneal ulcers)

• Patellar luxation

• Dental disease

Regular vet checkups, dental care, and weight management are important. The breed does not tolerate extreme heat or cold well due to its short muzzle and small size.

Living Conditions:

The Griffon adapts well to apartment living due to its size and moderate activity needs. However, it thrives in homes where it's not left alone for long, as it can become anxious or clingy.

A quiet household with routines suits this breed best. It doesn’t need a large yard but enjoys short walks and indoor play. Due to its fragile frame, supervision around young children or large pets is recommended.

Exercise:

The Brussels Griffon has moderate energy levels, needing around 30–45 minutes of daily exercise. Walks, play sessions, or interactive toys are usually enough to meet its needs.

It is alert and lively indoors, often getting much of its exercise just by following its owner around. Mental stimulation through training or puzzle games helps prevent boredom.

Grooming:

Grooming needs depend on the coat type:

• Rough-coated Griffons require weekly brushing and hand-stripping several times a year to maintain coat texture.

• Smooth-coated Griffons need only occasional brushing to remove loose hair.

Regular care includes nail trimming, ear cleaning, and daily tooth brushing to prevent dental issues. Facial folds should be cleaned regularly to prevent moisture buildup.

Advantages:

• Loyal and forms strong bonds with owners

• Adaptable to small homes and apartment living

• Expressive and entertaining personality

• Generally gets along well with other pets

• Low to moderate exercise needs

• Minimal shedding (especially rough coat)

Disadvantages:

• Prone to separation anxiety and clinginess

• Sensitive and not suited to rough handling

• May bark excessively if not trained early

• Grooming needs vary and may require professional help

• Flat face makes it prone to breathing issues

• Not ideal for households with very young children